Prevalence Definition Common Demographics Pathogenesis Causes Aggravating Factors Differential Diagnoses Severity Classification Mild Acne Moderate Acne Moderate to Severe Acne Severe Acne Treatment Identification of Acne Severity Considerations Before Treatment Psychosocial Assessment General Measures Mild Acne Moderate Acne Severe Acne Specific Treatments Over-the-Counter Products: Benzoyl Peroxide Clindamycin Role of Antibiotics…

Definition: Actinic keratosis is a precancerous scaly spot found on sun-damaged skin, also known as solar keratosis. Significance: Considered an early form of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (keratinocyte cancer). Clinical Presentation Complications Diagnosis Treatment Prevention Outlook Feature Actinic Keratosis Seborrheic Keratosis Nature Precancerous Benign Risk Can progress to SCC Non-cancerous…

Introduction: Demographics: Etiology of Sweet Syndrome Malignancy-Associated Sweet Syndrome: Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disease Associations: Post-Infectious Sweet Syndrome: Drug-Induced Sweet Syndrome: Pregnancy-Related Sweet Syndrome: Triggers: Symptoms: Appearance of Skin Lesions: Constitutional Symptoms: Extracutaneous Manifestations: Diagnosis: Blood Tests: Treatment: Outcome:

Types of Hair Loss/Alopecia Types of Alopecia Type of Alopecia Pathology Age of Onset Symptoms Risk Factors Differentials Diagnosis Treatment Androgenetic Alopecia Miniaturization of hair follicles influenced by androgens Varies; men in their 20s-30s, women usually post-menopausal Thinning in the crown area in men, diffuse thinning in women Genetics, androgens…

Comparison of Annular Lesions Diagnosis Clinical presentation Treatment options Tinea corporis Scaly, annular, erythematous plaques or papules on glabrous skin Topical and systemic antifungals Discoid Eczema Less likely to have central clearing (but can occur)More confluent scales Annular psoriasis Silvery scaleNail pittingFamily history of psoriasis Pityriasis rosea Small, fawn-colored, oval…

Prevalence: Risk Factors Skin Type: Sun Exposure: Personal History: Clinical Presentation Nodular BCC: Differential Diagnoses for Nodular BCC: Superficial BCC: Differential Diagnoses for Superficial BCC: Additional Characteristics Treatment Options

presentation MANAGEMENT Eradication of bed bugs Prevention

Overview Risk Factors Differential Diagnosis Treatment

Pathophysiology Epidemiology Risk Factors Clinical Manifestations Association with COVID-19 Diagnosis Management Complications and Prognosis Differential Diagnoses

Relationship with Eczema: Classification: Dermatitis can be categorized based on various factors: Epidemiology of Dermatitis Clinical Features of Dermatitis Racial Variation in Clinical Features Types of Dermatitis and Their Causes Exogenous Dermatitis: Endogenous Dermatitis: Atopic dermatitis — a common form of dermatitis occurring in children and adults, and often occurring in…

common dermatological problems fall into one of seven categories  Common dermatological conditions:  AcnePsoriasisAtopic dermatitis (eczema)UrticariaSun-related skin cancerDrug-related eruptionsInfections Bacterial: – impetigo Viral: – warts– herpes simplex, herpes zoster– pityriasis rosea– exanthemata Fungal: – tinea– candidiasis– pityriasis versicolor Acute and chronicPapular: – pediculosis– scabies– insect bites A problem that does not…

Wood’s light examination of the eye after fluorescein staining. (A low-cost, small ultraviolet light unit called ‘the black light’ is also available.) Simply hold the ultraviolet light unit above the area for investigation in a dark room. Skin conditions that produce fluorescence in Wood’s light Tinea capitis Green/bright yellow (in…

Introduction Demographics Causes Clinical Features Complications Diagnosis Treatment Prevention Outlook

Eczema, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, impacts approximately 20% of children and 3% of adults, manifesting as Also referred to as atopic eczema or atopic dermatitis Background: Diagnosis: 4. Diagnostic Features (American Academy of Dermatology): 5. Diagnostic Criteria (Hanifin and Rajka, UK Working Party): Differential Diagnosis: Differential diagnosis of eczema…

Erythema Multiforme Prevalence and Demographics: Genetic Predisposition: Causes: Infections (90% of cases): Medications: Associated Conditions: Pathophysiology: Clinical Features: Prodromal Symptoms: Cutaneous Features: Mucosal Features: Complications: Diagnosis: Differential Diagnosis: Treatment: Mild Cases: Other Treatments: Severe Mucosal Disease: Recurrent Disease: Outcome:

Definition: Etiology: Epidemiology: Pathophysiology: Histopathology: Clinical Presentation: Associated Symptoms: Diagnosis: Treatment and Management: Prognosis: Pearls and Other Issues:

Causes

Infantile acne usually starts after the age of 3 months, with comedones, papules and pustules on the cheeks and chin. For a diagnosis of acne, comedones must be present. See here for a photo of infantile acne. Milia, miliaria and neonatal cephalic pustulosis are commonly misdiagnosed as infantile acne. Most cases are mild and resolve by the age…

Itchy anus is a common complaint characterized by intense itching in the perianal area between the buttocks. It can result from infestations, skin infections, inflammatory skin conditions, or rarely, skin tumors. When there is no obvious cause, it is referred to as pruritus ani. Demographics Itchy anus affects up to…

Hypertrophic scars Keloid scars Common in all races and ages. Less common; more frequent in Fitzpatrick skin types III to VI.Self-reported in 16% of Black individuals.More likely in Chinese than Indian or Malaysian origin.Least affected: White-skinned individuals and albinos.Genetic association with certain HLA haplotypes and blood group A.Associated conditions include…

.   Cause: Clinical Features complications: Treatment:

Cause: DHT Effects: 5-Alpha Reductase: Genetics: Genetic Testing: Women with Male Pattern Hair Loss (MPHL) Characteristics: Female Pattern Hair Loss Prevalence: Prevalence of Male Pattern Baldness General Prevalence: Specific Statistics: Pathophysiology Role of Androgens: Normal Hair Growth Cycle Anagen Phase (Growth Phase): Catagen Phase (Transition Phase): Telogen Phase (Resting Phase):…

Corticosteroids Generic name Formulation Group I Mild Desonide 0.5% Lotion Hydrocortisone 0.5%, 1% Cream, ointment Group II Moderately potent Betamethasone valerate 0.02% Cream Betamethasone valerate 0.05% Cream, ointment Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% Cream Triamcinolone acetonide 0.02%, 0.05% Cream, ointment Group III Potent Betamethasone valerate 0.1% Cream, ointment Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% Cream,…

Overview: Causative Organisms: Monomicrobial pathogens: Polymicrobial pathogens: Risk Factors: Clinical Assessment: History: Examination: Investigations: Laboratory: Imaging: Other: Management: Resuscitation: Specific Therapy: Empiric Antibiotics: Other Therapies: Supportive Care and Monitoring: Consults: Disposition: Prognosis:

Periorificial dermatitis (POD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition, characterized by eruptions around the body’s orifices. Here’s a breakdown of what it is, who it affects, its causes, clinical features, complications, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and outcome: What is Periorificial Dermatitis? Who Gets Periorificial Dermatitis? Causes Clinical Features Complications Diagnosis…

Who gets photosensitivity? Classification of photosensitivity Causes Clinical features Complications Diagnosis Treatment Prevention Outlook

Possible Causes: Stages of Development: Treatment: General Measures: Specific Measures: Notes:

Skin Changes in the Elderly: Factors in Skin Ageing: Differential Diagnosis: Common dermatological causes of pruritus Xerosis This is the most common cause of pruritus in the absence of an identifiable skin lesion. It is characterised by dry, scaly skin, usually in the lower extremities. Atopic dermatitis Atopic dermatitis is…

Types of psoriasis Differential diagnosis Infantile Seborrhoeic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis Plaque (commonest) Seborrhoeic dermatitis, discoid eczema, solar keratoses, Bowen disease Guttate Pityriasis rosea, secondary syphilis, drug eruption Flexural Tinea, candida intertrigo, seborrhoeic dermatitis Scalp (sebopsoriasis) Seborrhoeic dermatitis, tinea capitis Nail Tinea, idiopathic onycholysis Pustular (palmoplantar) Tinea, infected eczema Exfoliative Severe…

Introduction Demographics Causes Clinical Features Dermoscopy Features Complications Diagnosis Differential Diagnoses Treatment Outcome

Background Assessment and Diagnosis Common Causes and Clinical Features Causes of red rashes on the face Diagnosis Morphology Distribution Clinical clues Diagnostic tests Atopic dermatitis (eczema) Erythema, scale, excoriations, xerosisLichenificationIll-defined plaquesHoney-coloured crusts if secondarily infected Anywhere on face, neck, scalp Variants: – NeckLips (eg licker’s eczema)– Eyelids (eg Dennie–Morgan folds)–…

Cause of Rhinophyma: Other Forms of Phymatous Rosacea: Severity Classification: Demographics: Treatment Options: Complications:

The most common scalp symptoms are: Itch, Soreness, Scale/flaking, Pustules/sores Pityriasis amiantacea Very thick asbestos-like scaleScale is very adherent to hair shaftsSubsequent diagnosis usually seborrhoeic dermatitis or psoriasisPityriasis amiantacea Tinea capitis Irregular scaly plaques with moth-eaten hair lossMay have inflammatory, abscess-like kerionHairs are easy to extractPositive microscopy and culture of scrapings and extracted hairSometimes, fluorescence on Wood light examination Psoriasis Any age, most >…

Definition Synonyms Prevalence Causes Clinical Features Variants of Seborrhoeic Keratoses Complications Diagnosis Histopathology Treatment Prevention Outlook

Keratosis pilaris

Risk Factors Types of SCC Clinical Presentation Prognostic Factors Surgical Margins and Incomplete Excision Rate Recommended Surgical Margins Based on Risk Level Considerations in Determining Surgical Margin Referral to a Specialist (Dermatologist or Plastic Surgeon) High-Risk SCC Features and Multidisciplinary Referral Alternative Treatment Modalities Management of Incompletely Excised Lesions Follow-up…

Demographics Causes Clinical Features Complications Diagnosis Differential Diagnoses Treatment Prevention Outlook Related

Primary lesions Macule Circumscribed area of altered skin colour (Latin for stain) without elevation <1 cm diameter Patch Macule of >1 cm diameter Papule Palpable mass on skin surface <1 cm diameter Plaque A flat-topped palpable mass >1 cm diameter. Nodule A circumscribed, solid palpable mass >1 cm diameter Wheal…

Overview Epidemiology Race Sex Onset Inheritance Associated Autoimmune Disorders Treatment Specific Measures