Risks Two types Symptoms Differentials Condition Signs and Symptoms Management Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) – Loss of central vision– Peripheral vision generally preserved– Gradual decrease in visual acuity – Anti-VEGF therapy– Lifestyle modifications– Low vision aids Glaucoma – Peripheral vision loss– Increased intraocular pressure– Optic nerve cupping – Medications to…

Etiology of Cataracts Traumatic Cataracts Systemic and Endocrine Diseases Secondary Cataracts Other Causes Pathophysiology Clinical Examination findings Disease-related Complications Ophthalmology referral for Cataract Extraction Cataract Referral Criteria for Queensland Health Eligibility for Referral Additional Considerations for Referral Urgent Referral Criteria Advice for Patients with Cataracts Awaiting Surgery Symptom Management Lifestyle…

Overview: Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO): Non-Ischemic CRVO: Ischemic CRVO: Etiology: Epidemiology: Pathophysiology: Risk Factors History and Physical: Evaluation: Treatment / Management: Prognosis: Complications: Non-ischemic CRVO  Ischemic CRVO  Visual acuity  >20/200  <20/200  RAPD (relative afferent papillary defect)  Mild or absent  Present (>0.7 log units of neutral density filter)  Visual field…

Hypertensive Retinopathy

OphthalmicFlashes OphthalmicFloaters OphthalmicBoth Flashes and FLoaters Non-opthalmic flashes Posterior vitreous detachment Posterior vitreous detachment Posterior vitreous detachment Migraine – scintillating scotomas, coloured lights, bilateral, evolves over 5 to 30 minutes before resolving with onset of a headache, normal visual acuity Retinal detachment Retinal detachment Retinal detachment Postural hypotension – bilateral…

most common cause of acute onset of flashes and floaters Differential Diagnosis Causes of Photopsia other than posterior vitreous detachment include the following: Causes of floaters other than posterior vitreous detachment include the following: Clinically Early Stages: Symptoms: Treatment Complications Aspect Vitreous Detachment (PVD) Retinal Detachment (RD) Definition Separation of vitreous gel…

Etiology Epidemiology Pathophysiology History and Physical Examination Evaluation Treatment / Management Non-surgical Options: Surgical Options: Differential Diagnosis

Refer to ophthal to differentiate causes

Nontraumatic causes of transient (<24h) monocular vision loss Nontraumatic causes of acute persistent monocular vision loss Nontraumatic causes of acute binocular loss of vision Post-traumatic causes of loss of vision (From ‘front to back’):