• GP LAND

    How to read a forest plot

    from https://s4be.cochrane.org/blog/2016/07/11/tutorial-read-forest-plot/ Purpose of Forest Plots Key Components of a Forest Plot 1. Axes 2. Study Representation 1. Components of a Study Line 2. Interpreting Study Lines Relative to the Null Effect Line 3. Importance of Study Size and Precision Summary Points 3. The Diamond 4. Author and Year of…

  • GP LAND

    Needle stick Injury

    from “Management of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids — Infection prevention and control – QLD Health” – https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/151162/qh-gdl-321-8.pdf Immediate Care of the Exposed Person First Aid Eye Exposures: Mucous Membrane Exposures (e.g., Mouth): Intact Skin Exposures: Skin Wounds/Non-Intact Skin Exposures: Clothing Contamination: Absence of Water: Relief from Duty…

  • GP LAND

    services and organisations

    Health Topic Service Name Target Group Contact Description Smoking Quitline Smokers looking to quit 13 7848 (13 QUIT) Provides support, advice, and counseling for those wanting to quit smoking, including a tailored quit plan. Your Room General population Online only Offers comprehensive resources on tobacco, including treatment and harm reduction…

  • GP LAND

    Statistics

    Evidence in Medial Resources key differences and details regarding systematic reviews and meta-analyses: Systematic Review: Meta-Analysis: Key Differences: Systematic Review             Meta-Analysis  DEFINITION   Synthesis of empirical evidence regarding a specific research question .  Statistical tool used with quantitative outcomes of various  studies regarding a specific topic. RESULTS  Synthesizes relevant…

  • GP LAND

    Wound Dressings and Management

    from AFP > 2014 > September > Ulcer dressings and management The most common chronic wounds seen in practice are: Skin Tears Definition: Age-Related Skin Changes: Prevention: Management: Venous Leg Ulcers (VLUs) Arterial Ulcers Mixed Ulcers (Venous/Arterial): Pressure Ulcers Factors Affecting Healing Intrinsic factors Extrinsic factors Health statusGood arterial and…

  • GP LAND

    E-cigarettes

    General Recommendations Usage Guidelines Health Considerations Counseling Points for Patients Regulatory Compliance Summary E-cigarettes may be considered as a secondary option for adult smokers who have been unable to quit using first-line methods. They should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional, with an emphasis on informed…

  • GP LAND

    Bullying

    What is Bullying? Types of Bullying I’m Being Bullied – What Should I Do? How Should I Respond to Bullying? My Friend’s Being Bullied – What Should I Do? General Advice for Both School and Workplace Bullying Specific Advice for School Bullying Specific Advice for Workplace Bullying Health and Wellbeing…

  • GP LAND,  MEDICATIONS

    Warfarin

    Contraindications to Warfarin Other Risk Factors for Adverse Events on Warfarin Advice on Warfarin Nature of Warfarin Benefits Risks Interactions Monitoring Complications to Watch Out For Warfarin Reversal No Bleeding Bleeding

  • EMERGENCY,  GP LAND

    Red flags (and diagnostic triads)

    Pediatric Fevers Condition Description Age < 3 months (<6 months amber) Always consider UTI Unwell Appears unwell (e.g. to nurse)Pale, mottled, ashen, or cyanosedNot responding to social cuesDrowsy, doesn’t wake or stay awakeWeak cryGrunting, RR>60, chest in-drawingReduced skin turgor, tachycardia, CRT >3 sec, dry mucous membranes, reduced urine outputPoor feeding…

  • GP LAND

    Sreening / Prevention

    Prevention Level Focus Goal Examples Primary Prevention Prevent diseases before they occur Promote overall health and well-being – Encouraging regular exercise and a balanced diet.– Vaccination programs (e.g., MMR, flu shots).– Anti-smoking campaigns. Secondary Prevention Early detection and intervention for risk factors or early-stage diseases Prevent progression of disease –…

  • GP LAND

    Medico-Legal Topics

    Mandatory Notification: Breaching Confidentiality: Follow Up Urgent Results: Mandatory Report of Child Abuse: Who Must Report: What to Report: When to Report: How to Report: State/Territory Specific Guidelines: Contact Information for Reporting in Various States/Territories: Confidentiality and Protection for Reporters: Follow-Up and Documentation: By adhering to these guidelines, healthcare professionals…

  • EMERGENCY,  GP LAND

    Fitness to drive

    General Considerations Red flags  1. Driving History 2. Physical and Functional Assessments 3. Cognitive and Behavioral Indicators 4. Conditions Likely to Affect Driving (Consult Austroads Guidelines) mandatory waiting periods 6. Private vs Commercial Driving Standards 7. Practical Considerations for Driving Cessation 8. Reporting Requirements 9. Referral and Further Evaluation 10.…

  • GP LAND

    Medical Certificates

    (Revised 2016 – AMA Guide) Medical Certificates Required By Third Parties: Responsibilities of the Doctor: Legal Considerations: Other Types of Medical Certificates: Responsibilities of the Patient: Responsibilities of Third Parties: Certificate Requirements: Date of Certificate: When a Certificate Should Not Be Provided: Carer’s Certificates:

  • GP LAND

    Domestic Violence (DV)

    Intimate Partner Abuse and Violence (IPAV) Global Statistics on IPAV: Definition of IPAV: Prevalence of IPAV: Risk Factors for IPAV: IPAV During Crises (e.g., COVID-19): Types of intimate partner abuse Type of abuse Example behaviours Physical Slapping, hittingKicking, beatingUsing knives or gunsStrangulation Emotional IntimidationConstant belittlingHarassment Sexual Forced intercourseSexual coercionReproductive coercion…

  • GP LAND

    Secondary causes

    Hypertension Syncope Categories of Dizziness Chest Pain Palpitations Common Findings and Suggested Diagnoses Symptoms Potential Causes Single ‘skipped’ beats Benign ectopy Feeling of being unable to catch one’s breath Ventricular premature contractions Single pounding sensations Ventricular premature contractions Rapid, regular pounding in neck Supraventricular arrhythmias Palpitations that are worse at…

  • GP LAND

    Refugee health

    Migration History Full Medical History History of or Contact with: Immunization History Including: Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Issues Such As: Lifestyle/Risk Factors Including: Current Concerns Developmental History in Children and Adolescents Psychosocial History PSYCH Physical Examination Investigations Practice Tips Investigations All FBE Hepatitis B Serology (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb)` Write ‘Query chronic…

  • GP LAND,  PALLIATIVE CARE

    Informed consent

    Informed Consent Process in Australia Definition: Key Elements: Steps in the Informed Consent Process: Australian Medical Association (AMA) Guidelines: Key Exceptions to Consent Requirement Summary of Legal Frameworks and Key Legislations Ethical and Legal Considerations Age of Majority: Consent by Minors: Presumption of Lack of Decision-Making Capacity: Gillick Competence Test:…

  • GP LAND

    Chronic Disease Management (CDM)

    Purpose: The Chronic Disease Management (CDM) items support a structured approach to managing chronic and terminal medical conditions by preparing, coordinating, reviewing, and contributing to care plans. These plans ensure ongoing care from multidisciplinary teams. Types of CDM Plans Patient Eligibility CDM Items and Claiming Periods Description Item No Minimum…

  • GP LAND

    Obesity

    Health risks associated with overweight and obesity in adults Body system Health risk Cardiovascular StrokeCoronary heart diseaseCardiac failureHypertension Endocrine Type 2 diabetesPolycystic ovary syndrome Gastrointestinal Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseGallbladder diseasePancreatic diseaseGastro-oesophageal reflux diseaseCancers of the bowel, oesophagus, gall bladder and pancreas Genitourinary Chronic kidney disease – glomerulopathy End-stage renal diseaseKidney…

  • GP LAND

    Sleep Disorders and SLeep walking

    sleep disorders: Sleepwalking The exact cause of sleepwalking is not always clear, but several factors can contribute to its occurrence: Diagnosis: Diagnosing sleepwalking typically involves a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider. This may include: Non-Pharmacological Treatment and Advice: Treatment for sleepwalking often begins with non-pharmacological interventions and lifestyle changes:

  • GP LAND

    Motivational Interviewing

    Stages of Change Model Effectiveness of MI: The Spirit of Motivational Interviewing: MI in Practice: Guiding Principles of MI The guiding principles of Motivational Interviewing (MI) are crucial to its effective implementation. Here are more details on these principles: Additionally, Miller and Rollnick, the founders of MI, identified four further…

  • GP LAND

    criteria to be identified as Indigenous Australian (Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander)

    These criteria are used especially when applying for Indigenous-specific services or programs: Preventing Misrepresentation Legal and Ethical Considerations Challenges In summary, while the process of identifying and clarifying Indigenous heritage primarily relies on self-identification, descent, and community recognition, organizations typically have measures to ensure the authenticity of claims. This process…

  • GP LAND

    eligibility – NDIS

    criteria for disability under the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) in Australia are as follows: Additional Considerations Application Process Individuals who meet these criteria can apply for the NDIS by visiting the NDIS website or contacting the NDIA directly. The application will include information about the individual’s disability, support needs,…

  • GP LAND

    Immunisation (vaccinations) side effects/contraindications

    Contraindications  absolute contraindications apply to all vaccines: contraindications apply to live vaccines (both parenteral and oral): Live vaccines Inactivated vaccines Valid consent the voluntary agreement by an individual to a proposed procedure, given after sufficient, appropriate and reliable information about the procedure, including the potential risks and benefits, has been…

  • GP LAND,  TRAVEL MEDICINE

    Influenza Vaccine

    Adverse Events Reporting Disposal of Vaccines Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) Vaccine Composition 2024 Specific Vaccines: Flucelvax Quad®: Vaccination Timing Special Considerations 2024 NIP-funded eligibility Children Aged 6 Months – 5 Years Pregnant Women Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Aged 6 Months and Over People Aged 65 Years and Over…

  • GP LAND

    Quit Smoking

    5 A’s: Ask, Assess, Advise, Assist, Arrange F/U. ASK ASSESS ADVISE ASSIST ARRANGE FOLLOW-UP Pharmacotherapy The strongest evidence supports using registered pharmacological therapies (e.g., bupropion, varenicline) combined with behavioral support. Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) Bupropion (Xyloban) Varenicline – (Champix or Varenapix) note: Champix (varenicline), a medication used for smoking cessation,…