• NEONATES PAEDS,  PAEDIATRICS

    Hypospadias

    Definition Hypospadias is a congenital condition affecting the penis where the urethral opening is not located at the tip but somewhere along the underside of the penis. Hypospadias is quite common, and is increasing. It occurs in about 1/250-1/300 boys. It is more common with IVF babies. With a family…

  • GASTROENTEROLOGY,  LIVER DISEASE,  NEONATES PAEDS,  PAEDIATRICS

    Jaundice – (neonatal)

    Background Risk factors  Maternal Neonatal Blood group ORhD negativeRed cell antibodiesGenetic: family history, East Asian, MediterreanDiabetesPrevious baby requiring phototherapy Feeding – breastfeeding, reducing intakeHaematoma, bruisingPolycythaemiaHaemolysisBowel obstructionInfectionPre-term, male Assessment History Examination Management Types and Causes Unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia Conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia Type Causes Investigations Early Onset:( <24 hours) PATHOLOGICALAll should have:FBESBRCoombs Sepsis Please…

  • NEONATES PAEDS

    Neonatal assessment

    Neonate = first 28 days of life post-term   Discuss and advise Promote immunisation Vitamin K Universal hearing screen Newborne Baby care Hygiene Bathing Eye and mouth care Umbilical cord care Nappy changing including skin care Feeding Feeding cues and behaviour Promote and support breastfeeding Refer to Queensland Clinical Guideline:…

  • NEONATES PAEDS,  PAEDIATRICS

    Newborn examination

    General Assess Growth Head to Toe Exam Scalp lesions/swelling/bruising/ lacerations  If this is not corrected early it can lead to blindness. Proper coordination of eye movements should be achieved by 3-6 months; persistent eye deviation requires evaluation. Isolated abnormalities The following anomalies are usually of no concern when isolated (3…

  • NEONATES PAEDS,  PAEDIATRICS

    Signs and symptoms of Neonates

    Unwell – Vital signs Heart rate (bradycardia <110 beats/minute and tachycardia >170 beats/minute) Temperature (fever >38°C; hypothermia <36.5°C) can be the first indicator of a serious invasive infective illness Rectal temperature most accurate  hypothermia <36.5 can also be a sign of sepsis, as neonates have difficulty regulating temperatures The health…