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Stridor Differentials
Stridor: History Examination Age Frequency Tests Management Croup Associated URTI Barking cough +/ fever, not toxic high pitched stridor 6 m6y mean 18m Common Nil Supportive Steroids Adrenaline Epiglottitis Sudden onset Rapid progression No preceding cough URTI 2550% Sitting up Toxic, pale, drooling Low pitched stridor 90% 2yr Rare…
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Dyspnoea
Airways disease Chronic bronchitis and emphysema Asthma Bronchiectasis Cystic fibrosis Laryngeal or pharyngeal tumour Bilateral cord palsy Tracheal obstruction or stenosis Tracheomalacia Crico-arytenoid rheumatoid arthritis Parenchymal disease Pneumonia Allergic alveolitis Sarcoidosis Fibrosis and diffuse alveolitis Diffuse infections Respiratory distress syndrome Infiltrative and metastatic tumour Pneumothorax Pneumoconiosis Pulmonary circulation Pulmonary embolism…
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cough
Most likely: Not to be missed: Spasmodic Cough, Paroxysmal cough, Coughing Fits Often missed: Masquerade: Drugs eg. ACEi, β blockers, inhaled steroids Hidden agenda: Anxiety Causes by age group Paediatric Adolescent/ YA Middle age Elderly RefluxAsthmaURTI/ CroupBronchitisPertussisCFCroupFB inhalationPneumonia AsthmaPsychogenicSmoking Infection Smoking/Irritants GORDLung cancerDrugsAnxiety InfectionCOPDLung cancerDrugs