EAR,  ENT

Otitis media with effusion (OME)

  • previously termed serous otitis or glue ear
  • is fluid in the middle ear without signs and symptoms of infection (No Acute ear pain, bulging TM)
  • effusion may not resolve for up to 12 weeks following AOM
  • often has transient hearing impairment 
  • Clinically
    • Loss of lucency of TM
    • Visible grey-white or blue fluids
    • Immobile TM with dilated blood vessels on pneumatic otoscopy or tympanometry
  • By 3 months 90% resolved spontaneously
  • Persistent otitis media with effusion / glue ear = > 3 months
  • Aim – restore hearing, resolve/prevent recurrent effusions
  • Management
    • If < 3 months + normal hearing/ no risk speech/language
      • observation 
      • No investigation or treatment required
      • Discuss hearing, impact of hearing loss on language and developmental milestones
      • Give hints on detecting hearing loss and language stimulation
    • If > 3 months
      • = persistent OME 
      • Amoxicillin 50mg/kg/day in two to three divided doses orally for 2-4 weeks
  • Address risk factors
  • Refer if:
    • Effusion > 3 months
    • Concerns speech
    • Learning
    • damage to TM (significant retraction, cholesteatoma)
  • Grommets restores hearing short term, long term less certain benefit
  • May be higher risk for chronic suppurative otitis media
  • No benefit antihistamines, decongestants, intranasal steroids
  • Indications grommets
    • 6 episodes in 12 months
    • Bilateral effusion > 3/12
    • Unilateral effusion > 6/12 (may be shorter in adult – have to consider nasal tumors also)
    • Acute OM w/ complications
    • Chronic eustachian tube dysfunction
  • If persistent – refer – exclude cholesteatoma or chornic osteitis

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