ORGANIC ILLNESS (to rule out)
- All psychiatric illnesses are ‘organic’ but usually the word ‘organic’ is used for those with demonstrable CNS pathology.
Organic causes of PSYCHOSIS
- Neurological – epilepsy, head injury, cerebrovascular disease, brain tumour, dementia, encephalitis eg HSV/HIV, neurosyphilis, brain abscess
- Endocrine – hypo/hyperthyroid, Cushing’s, hyperparathyroidism, Addison’s disease
- Metabolic – uraemia, sodium imbalance, porphyria
- SLE (lupus psychosis)
- Medications – steroids, L-dopa, anticholinergics, antihypertensives, anticonvulsants, methylphenidate
- Drugs – cocaine, LSD, cannabis, PCP, amphetamines, opioids
- Toxins
Organic causes of DEPRESSION
- Neurological – CVA, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, brain tumour, dementia, MS, Huntington’s, head injury
- Infectious – HIV, EBV, brucellosis
- Endocrine & metabolic – hypothyroidism, Cushing’s, Addison’s, parathyroid disease, vitamin deficiency (B12 & folate), porphyria
- Cardiac disease – MI, CCF
- SLE
- RA
- Cancer
- Medications – analgesics, antihypertensives (esp. β-blockers), L-dopa, anticonvulsants, antibiotics, steroids, OCP, cytotoxics, cimetidine, salbutamol
- Drugs – alcohol, BZ, cannabis, cocaine, opioids
- Toxins
Organic causes of MANIA
- Neurological – CVA, epilepsy, brain tumour, head injury, MS
- Endocrine – hyperthyroidism
- Medications – steroids, antidepressants, mefloquine, cytotoxics
- Drugs – cannabis, cocaine, amphetamine
- Toxins
Organic causes of ANXIETY
- Neurological – epilepsy, dementia, head injury, CVA, brain tumour, MS, Parkinson’s
- Pulmonary – COPD
- Cardiac – arrhythmias, CCF, angina, MV prolapse
- Endocrine – hyperthyroidism
- Medications – antidepressants, antihypertensives, flumazenil, yohimbine, fenfluramine
- Drugs – alcohol, BZ, caffeine, cannabis, cocaine, LSD, ecstasy (MDMA), amphetamines